As you can tell by my NFS-related blog entries, I am an advocate of Oracle over NFS. Forget those expensive FC switches and HBAs in every Oracle Database server. That is just a waste. Oracle11g will make that point even more clearly soon enough. I’ll start sharing how and why as soon as I am permitted. In the meantime…
Oracle over NFS requires bonded NICs for redundant data paths and performance. That is an unfortunate requirement that Oracle10g is saddled with. And, no, I’m not going to blog about such terms as IEEE 802.3ad, PAgP, LACP, balance-tlb, balance-alb or even balance-rr. The days are numbered for those terms-at least in the Oracle database world. I’m not going to hint any futher about that though.
Monitoring Oracle over NFS
If you are using Oracle over NFS, there are a few network monitoring tools out there. I don’t like any of them. Let’s see, there’s akk@da and Andrisoft WanGuard. But don’t forget Anue and Aurora, Aware, BasicState, CommandCenter NOC, David, Dummmynet, GFI LANguard, Gomez, GroundWork, Hyperic HQ, IMMonitor, Jiploo, Monolith, moods, Network Weathermap, OidView, Pandetix, Pingdom, Pingwy, skipole-monitor, SMARTHawk, Smarts, WAPT, WFilter, XRate1, arping, Axence NetVision, BBMonitor, Cacti, CSchmidt collection, Cymphonix Network Composer, Darkstat, Etherape, EZ-NOC, Eye-on Bandwidth, Gigamon University, IPTraf, Jnettop, LITHIUM, mrtg-ping-probe, NetMRG, NetworkActiv Scanner, NimTech, NPAD, Nsauditor, Nuttcp, OpenSMART, Pandora FMS, PIAFCTM, Plab, PolyMon, PSentry, Rider, RSP, Pktstat, SecureMyCompany, SftpDrive, SNM, SpeedTest, SpiceWorks, Sysmon, TruePath, Unbrowse, Unsniff, WatchMouse, Webalizer, Web Server Stress Tool, Zenoss, Advanced HostMonitor, Alvias, Airwave, AppMonitor, BitTorrent, bulk, BWCTL, Caligare Flow Inspector, Cittio, ClearSight, Distinct Network Monitor, EM7, EZMgt, GigaMon, Host Grapher II, HPN-SSH, Javvin Packet Analyzer, Just-ping, LinkRank, MoSSHe, mturoute, N-able OnDemand, Netcool, netdisco, Netflow Monitor, NetQoS, Pathneck, OWAMP, PingER, RANCID, Scamper, SCAMPI, Simple Infrastructure Capacity Monitor, Spirent, SiteMonitor, STC, SwitchMonitor, SysUpTime, TansuTCP, thrulay, Torrus, Tstat, VSS Monitoring, WebWatchBot, WildPackets, WWW Resources for Communications & Networking Technologies, ZoneRanger, ABwE, ActivXpets, AdventNet Web NMS, Analyse It, Argus, Big Sister, CyberGauge, eGInnovations, Internet Detective, Intellipool Network Monitor, JFF Network Management System, LANsurveyor, LANWatch, LoriotPro, MonitorIT, Nagios, NetIntercept, NetMon, NetStatus, Network Diagnostic Tool, Network Performance Advisor, NimBUS, NPS, Network Probe, NetworksA-OK, NetStat Live, Open NerveCenter, OPENXTRA, Packeteer, PacketStorm, Packetyzer, PathChirp, Integrien, Sniff’em, Spong, StableNet PME, TBIT, Tcptraceroute, Tping, Trafd, Trafshow, TrapBlaster, Traceroute-nanog, Ultra Network Sniffer, Vivere Networks, ANL Web100 Network Configuration Tester, Anritsu, aslookup, AlertCenter, Alertra, AlertSite, Analyse-it, bbcp, BestFit, Bro, Chariot, CommView, Crypto-PAn, elkMonitor, DotCom, Easy Service Monitor, Etherpeek, Fidelia, Finisar, Fpinger, GDChart, HipLinkXS, ipMonitor, LANExplorer, LinkFerret, LogisoftAR, MGEN, Netarx, NetCrunch, NetDetector, NetGeo, NEPM, NetReality, NIST Net, NLANR AAD, NMIS, OpenNMS PageREnterprise, PastMon, Pathprobe, remstats, RIPmon, RFT, ROMmon, RUDE, Silverback, SmokePing, Snuffle, SysOrb, Telchemy, TCPTune, TCPurify, UDPmon, WebAttack, Zabbix, AdventNet SNMP API, Alchemy Network Monitor, Anasil analyzer, Argent, Autobuf, Bing, Clink, DSLReports, Firehose, GeoBoy, PacketBoy, Internet Control Portal, Internet Periscope, ISDNwatch, Metrica/NPR, Mon, NetPredict, NetTest, Nettimer, Net-One-1, Pathrate, RouteView, sFlow, Shunra, Third Watch, Traceping, Trellian, HighTower, WCAT, What’s Up Gold, WS_FTP, Zinger, Analyzer, bbftp, Big Brother, Bronc, Cricket, EdgeScape, Ethereal (now renamed Wireshark), gen_send/gen_recv, GSIFTP, Gtrace, Holistix, InMon, NcFTP, Natas, NetAlly, NetScout, Network Simulator, Ntop, PingGraph, PingPlotter, Pipechar, RRD, Sniffer, Snoop, StatScope, Synack, View2000, VisualPulse, WinPcap, WU-FTPD, WWW performance monitoring, Xplot, Cheops, Ganymede, hping2, Iperf, JetMon, MeasureNet, MatLab, MTR, NeoTrace, Netflow, NetLogger, Network health, NextPoint, Nmap, Pchar, Qcheck, SAA, SafeTP, Sniffit, SNMP from UCSD, Sting, ResponseNetworks, Tcpshow, Tcptrace WinTDS, INS Net Perf Mgmt survey, tcpspray, Mapnet, Keynote, prtraceroute clflowd flstats, fping, tcpdpriv, NetMedic Pathchar, CAIDA Measurement Tool Taxonomy, bprobe & cprobe, mrtg, NetNow, NetraMet, Network Probe Daemon, InterMapper, Lachesis, Optimal Networks and last but not least, Digex.
Simplicity Please
The networking aspect of Oracle over NFS is the simplest type of networking imaginable. The database server issues I/O to NFS filesystems being exported over simple, age old Class C private networks (192.168.N.N). We have Oracle statspack to monitor what Oracle is asking of the filesystem. However, if the NFS traffic is being sent over a bonded NIC, monitoring the flow of data is important as well. That is also a simple feat on Linux since /proc tracks all that on a per-NIC basis.
I hacked out a very simple little script to monitor eth2 and eth3 on my system. It isn’t anything special, but it shows some interesting behavior with bonded NICS. The following screen shot shows the simple script executing. A few seconds after starting the script, I executed an Oracle full table scan with Parallel Query in another window. Notice how /proc data shows that the throughput has peaks and valleys on a per-second basis. The values being reported are Megabytes so it is apparent that the bursts of I/O are achieving full bandwidth of the GbE network storage paths, but what’s up with the pulsating action? Is that Oracle, or the network? I can’t tell you just yet. Here is the screen shot nonetheless:
For what it is worth, here is a listing of that silly little script. Its accuracy compensates for its lack of elegance. Cut and paste this on a Linux server and tailor eth[23] to whatever you happen to have.
$ cat ntput.sh
#!/bin/bash
function get_data() {
cat /proc/net/dev | egrep “${token1}|${token2}” \
| sed ‘s/^.*://g’ | awk ‘{ print $1 }’ | xargs echo
}
token1=eth2
token2=eth3
INTVL=1
while true
do
set – `get_data`
b_if1=$1
b_if2=$2
sleep $INTVL
set – `get_data`
a_if1=$1
a_if2=$2
echo $a_if1 $b_if1 | awk -v intvl=$INTVL ‘{
printf(“%7.3f\t”, (($1 – $2) / 1048576) / intvl) }’
echo $a_if2 $b_if2 | awk -v intvl=$INTVL ‘{
printf(“%7.3f\n”, (($1 – $2) / 1048576) / intvl) }’
done
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